Tharu Ethnic Group Research Tour - 5-15 Days

One of the most visible groups in Nepal is the Tharus, who are thought to be the earliest inhabitants of the Terai. Tharus is settled in more than 20 districts in southern Nepal. They have distinct Languages, Cultures, Customs, rituals, and lifestyles. Most Tharus have Mongoloid physical features.

They are still determining where they came from, although some believe they are the descendants of the Rajputs (from Rajasthan), who sent their women and children away to escape Mughal invaders in the 16th century. The women later married into local tribes. Others believe they are descended from the royal Sakya clan, the Buddha’s family, although they are not Buddhist. Their beliefs are largely animistic and increasingly influenced by Hinduism, and they live a life well adapted to their environment. Apart from farming, Tharus also hunts and fishes.

Tharu are very famous for their ability to fight against Malaria when Malaria was deadly to outsiders. The Research found that Tharus was 7 times less affected by Malaraya than other ethnic groups living nearby. More recently, the Tharus were exploited by zamindars (landlords), and many Tharus fell into debt and entered into bonded labour known in Nepal as Kamayas and Kamalaris. In 2000, the Kamaiyas were freed by government legislation, but little has been done to help these now landless and workless people. Consequently, in most Terai towns in western Nepal, you will see squatter settlements of former Kamaiyas.

A significant area of Tharus Settlements in Nepal

• Chitwan National Park Area
• Lumbini Area
• Janakpur Dham Area
• Most of the area is in the Southern Part of Nepal.

Facts about the Tharu Ethnic Group:

Origins and Population:

• The Tharu people are indigenous to the Terai region (Southern Part) of Nepal, with a population of over 1.7 million.
• They are considered one of the oldest ethnic groups in the region, with a history dating back centuries.

Language and Religion:

• Tharu people speak various dialects of the Tharu language, which belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family.
• Their religious practices are a blend of Hinduism, animism, and indigenous beliefs.

Unique Culture and Traditions:

• The Tharu people are known for their distinct cultural practices, including traditional dances like the “Jhumra” and “Maghauta.”
• They have a rich tradition of oral storytelling, preserving their history and folklore.

Resilience and Adaptability:

• Historically, the Tharu people have been known for their resilience against malaria, which allowed them to thrive in the Terai region when others could not.
• They have adapted to various environmental and social changes over time, maintaining their cultural identity.

Livelihood and Economy:

• Traditionally, the Tharu people have been engaged in agriculture, fishing, and hunting.
• In recent years, many Tharus have diversified their livelihoods, working in tourism, crafts, and other industries.

Social Structure:

• Tharu society is organized into clans, with each clan having its own customs and traditions.
• Community decision-making is often done collectively, with a strong emphasis on cooperation and mutual support.