Gurung Ethnic Group Research Tour - Kathmandu Days

The Gurungs, a Tibeto-Burmese people, live mainly in the central midlands, from Gorkha and Baglung to the southern slopes of the Annapurnas. According to their legend, the Gurung were a Wandering tribe that traversed west across Tibet before their entry into the Mustang and Manag district of Nepal behind the Annapurna Himalayas. One of the biggest Gurung settlements is the Ghandruk village of Annapurna Region, with its sweeping views of the Annapurnas and Machhapuchhare. The Gurungs have made up large numbers of the Gurkha regiments and army incomes have contributed greatly to the economy of their region.

Many Gurungs are farmers, growing rice, wheat, maize, and millet on steeply terraced hillsides. Their villages are often perched on the tops of ridges and their fields can be up to an hour’s walk below. They also keep herds of sheep and goats – sometimes as a large village flock. During the summer months, the sheep are herded to higher pastures; at the end of the monsoon, they are herded back down to the villages.

Gurungs are very rich in their traditions and culture. The Gurung dress is also known as PUD-PUDE and Bhoto, Jama with Khukuri. Rodhi is a traditional gathering place for singing and dancing. Ghatu is a famous Dance drama performed by the Gurung people.

Major area of Gurungs Settlements in Nepal

• Mustang District (Upper Mustang trekking Area)
• Manang District (Annapurna Circuit Trekking Area)
• Kaski District (Poon Hill AND Annapurna Base Camp Trekking Area)
• Gorkha District (Lower Manaslu Trekking area)
• Parbat and Syanga District

Facts About the Gurung Ethnic Group

1. Origins and Distribution: The Gurung people primarily inhabit the western and central regions of Nepal, particularly in Lamjung, Kaski, Mustang, and Myagdi districts. Their origins trace back to the Tibetan-Mongolian region.
2. Language: The Gurung language, part of the Sino-Tibetan family, is distinct and integral to their cultural identity.
3. Religion and Beliefs: Traditionally, followers of Bon, a pre-Buddhist religion, many Gurungs also practice Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism. Their spiritual practices often include nature worship and animal sacrifices.
4. Festivals: Tamu Lhosar, celebrating the Gurung New Year, and Ghatu, marking the harvest season, are major festivals that feature traditional dances, music, and rituals.
5. Music and Dance: Music and dance are central to Gurung culture, with traditional instruments like the tungna (a string instrument) and damphu (a drum) accompanying their performances.
6. Warrior Heritage: Gurungs are renowned for their martial traditions, notably as part of the Gurkha regiments in the British and Indian armies, celebrated for their bravery and loyalty.
7. Social Structure: Gurung villages are organized around a strong sense of community, with village councils (panchayats) playing a key role in local governance and dispute resolution.
8. Economic Activities: Predominantly rural, the Gurung people engage in farming, herding, and trading. Many also work as trekking guides and porters, utilizing their deep knowledge of the Himalayan terrain.
9. Traditional Attire: Gurung dress is characterized by bright colours and intricate designs, reflecting their vibrant culture and artistry.
10. Hospitality: Known for their warm hospitality, Gurung communities welcome visitors with open arms, offering a glimpse into their rich cultural heritage and way of life.Exploring the Gurung community provides a rich and immersive experience, highlighting their significant contributions to Nepal’s cultural mosaic and offering a deeper understanding of their enduring traditions and lifestyle.